Painting the Black essays

Painting the Black papers This book is called Painting the Black. It is about a senior kid name Ryan who likes to play baseball. In this book, he will confront numerous issues in front of his life during senior year in secondary school. He will experience issues that may impact his baseball year and companionship as well. He is very The structure of this book is a vertical. Ryan manages issues when he broke his lower leg and couldnt play baseball any longer yet his companion Josh who simply moved in the house got him out and showed him how to play baseball once more. At that point from that point onward, Josh join the football crew and he was a well known football player and Josh didnt trouble conversing with Ryan. At that point Josh was frantic at a young lady name Monica Roby and as a joke he assault her with a wolf cover on so she wouldnt notice yet Ryan witnessed what and knew whose cover that was. Josh realized that Ryan knew and advised him not to tell anybody yet everybody was asking him who did it like his folks, the head, Mr. Roby, Mrs. Roby, and Detective Langford. As Ryan attempt to make the best decision a few This was a Man versus Society struggle. Ryan knew whether he told on Josh of what occur at the time Monica Roby was being assault then the entire baseball group would abhor him. Another was the point at which he was up batting before in the book he continued reasoning on the off chance that he miss than the individuals will begin despising him since he lose the game. Ryan needed to be a famous child yet he couldnt play well in baseball on account of his lower leg. He at last work it out and began improving his lower leg by doing push ups and lifting loads. He needed to show the school how great he is in baseball as a catcher. Another was when Monica was assault everybody began to ask him who assault her however he didnt need answer yet then one day he answer and said Josh did it. It got everybody frantic in the baseball crew and they lose the game. ... <!

Group 1 Syllabus Free Essays

G R O U P †I S E R V I C E S (HONS. DEGREE STANDARD) SCHEME OF EXAMINATION Minimum qualifying marks for thought for Oral Test SC/ST/B. Cs Oth PH ers Minimum qualifying marks for thought for Selection SC/ST B. We will compose a custom exposition test on Gathering 1 Syllabus or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Cs. Othe/PH rs Maximum Marks Dura-tion Subject 1 SCREENING TEST General Studies Mental Ability (Objective Type) 150 Questions. Composed EXAMINATION (CONVENTIONAL TYPE) A. Mandatory SUBJECTS: General English Paper-I. General Essay Paper-II. I. History Cultural legacy of India with accentuation on twentieth century history of India. I. Social history of Andhra Pradesh I. e. , the historical backdrop of different social and social developments in Andhra Pradesh iii. General diagram of the Indian Constitution Paper-III: I) Planning in India Indian Economy ii) Land Reforms and social changes in Andhra Pradesh after autonomy iii) Andhra Pradesh’s Economy, present status its qualities and shortcomings Paper-IV: I) The job and effect of Science Technology in the advancement of India with accentuation on the applied angles ii) General mindfulness with the cutting edge drifts in life sciences. ii) Development and natural issues Paper-V: I) Data gratefulness and understanding ii) The com petitors will be approached to reach their own inference from the information introduced in the plain structure in graphical or in any case iii) Problem explaining †appropriately organized circumstance will be introduced to the up-and-comers and they will be approached to recommend their own answers for the issue emerging out of circumstance. On the other hand, they might be called upon to demonstrate the comprehension of the circumstance by responding to certain looking through inquiries dependent on the circumstance TOTAL: 2? (Hours) 3 150 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 50 150 3 150 3 150 3 150 225. 00 262. 50 300. 00 750 75 B. ORAL TEST (INTERVIEW) 247. 50 288. 75 330. 00 GRAND TOTAL: 825 1 Other Important Points: 1. There will be a Screening Test (Objective sort) including General Studies and Mental Ability. This test is intended for short-posting the quantity of contender to be admitted to the Written (Conventional Type) Examination I. e. , comprising of six obligatory papers. The quantity of contender to be admitted to the Written assessment (regular sort) would be multiple times to the opportunities accessible at material time independent of Communities. . The papers aside from General English might be replied in English or Telugu or Urdu picked by the applicants. Notwithstanding, an up-and-comer isn't allowed to compose some portion of the paper in English and part of it in Telugu or Urdu. 3. Competitors must show up for all the papers in Main assessment and Oral test, who qualified for the equivalent. Missing in any of the above will be subject for preclusion. 4. The General English paper is for qualifying one and the standard of this paper is that of S. S. C. The base passing imprints in this paper are 40% for O. Cs. , 35% for B. Cs. also, 30% for SC/ST/PH. These imprints are not meant Ranking. 5. In case of the S. C. what's more, S. T. applicants not coming up for determination with the current least endorsed for the choice in the serious assessment directed by the Commission, their choice will be considered based on Rank concerning their exhibition in the Written and Oral serious assessment. 6. Lobby Tickets for admission to the Written Examination will be sent to the conceded up-and-comers. There is no compelling reason to submit separate application for this reason. After Written Examination, qualified applicants will be required an Interview at the proportion of 1:2 concerning the quantity of opening appropriately following the extraordinary portrayal as set down in General Rule-22 of A. P. State and Subordinate Service Rules. Sd/ - Secretary 10/01/2008 2 GROUP-I SERVICES SYLLABUS GENERAL STUDIES AND MENTAL ABILITY (SCREENING TEST †OBJECTIVE TYPE) 1. General Science †Contemporary advancements in Science and Technology and their suggestions including matters of consistently perception and experience, as might be anticipated from a knowledgeable individual who has not made an extraordinary investigation of any logical control. . Recent developments of national and worldwide significance. 3. History of India †accentuation will be on expansive general comprehension of the subject in its social, financial, social and political perspectives with an attention on AP Indian National Movement. 4. World Geography and Geography of India with an emphasis on AP. 5. Indian nation and Economy †including the country’s political framework rustic advancement †Planning and financial changes in India. 6. Mental capacity †thinking and surmisings. Fundamental EXAMINATION (CONVENTIONAL TYPE) GENERAL ENGLISH (X CLASS STANDARD, QUALIFYING FOR INTERVIEW) . Appreciation 2. Abridgement composing 3. Re-game plan of sentences 4. Remedy of sentences 5. Equivalent words 6. Antonyms 7. Filling in the spaces 8. Amendment of spellings 9. Jargon and utilization 10. Sayings and expressions 11. Action word tenses 12. Relational words 13. Dynamic voice and Passive voice 14. Grammatical features PAPER-I GENERAL ESSAY (Candidate ought to compose three Essays one from each area mandatorily. Each area contains three themes. Each Essay conveys 50 imprints. ) SECTION-I SECTION-II : Crisis the executives, Social issues, Analysis and arrangements. Recent developments of national and worldwide significance. Area â€III : Current oc casions identifying with State of Andhra Pradesh. 3 PAPER-II SECTION-I HISTORY AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF INDIA WITH EMPHASIS ON 20TH CENTURY HISTORY OF INDIA 1. Indus Civilization †Vedic Civilization †Distinction between Indus Civilisation and Vedic Civilisation †Evolution of Varna, Jathi/rank framework †Religious condition †Emergence of Religious Movements (Jainism, Buddhism and different factions) †Rise of Magadha Imperialism †Rise of Mahayana and Development of Art (Gandhara, Mathura and different Schools). . Coming of Islam and its effect †Influence of Islam on Indian Culture †Religious Movements †Nature and importance of Bhakti Movements †Growth of vernacular dialects, writing, expressive arts, engineering, landmarks, Indo-Persian workmanship and design †Vijayanagara realm and their commitment to craftsmanship, writing and culture †financial conditions, organization, fall of Vijayanagar domain †the Great Mogha ls and their commitment to Indian Fine Art, Architecture and Fine Arts †Rise of Shivaji. . Phases of expansionism †changes in regulatory structure and legislative issues †factors driving for the British incomparability, help of Indian Powers and the reasons for disappointments †Civil uprisings †Revolt of 1857 and its effect †Rise of patriot awareness and variables for the development of Indian Nationalism and Freedom Struggle : Three Phases :1885-1905, 1905-1920, 1920-47 and importance of Gandhian Era. 4. Rise and development of Socio-Religious-social †hostile to station, Dalit and non-Brahmin, Justice/selfrespect developments in current India †Social change associations and job of scholarly people †Raja Ram Mohan Roy †Dayanand Saraswathi †Jyotiba Phule †Narayana Guru †Mahathma Gandhi †Ambedkar and others. 5. Patriot Literature †development of laborer and work developments †job of radical gatherings in antifeudal and hostile to pioneer battles rise and development of Women’s developments †starting point and development of communalism †laborers and worker developments â€freedom and parcel of India; significant recorded occasions after freedom. Segment II SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF ANDHRA PRADESH 1. The Satavahanas and their commitment †social structure †strict conditions †development of writing and painting †Ikshvakus and their social commitment †Growth of Buddhism in Andhra Pradesh †The Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi and their significance †socio-social commitment †development of Telugu language Literature †training and learning †Religious Sects †development of craftsmanship and engineering. Socio-Cultural and Religious conditions in Andhra Desha between 1000 AD †1565 AD Growth of Telugu Language and Literature †Nannaya-Molla and so on expressive arts and design †Monuments †Significance †Contribution of Qutubshahis to Telugu language and Literature †Art-Architecture-Monuments. Present day Andhra †Socio-social arousing in Andhra †Brahma Samaj, Arya Samaj, Theosohica society †Adi-Andhra, Movements and job of Veereshalingam an d others †Non-Brahmin, Adi-Andhra/Dalit and Justice/self †regard developments †Gurram Joshuva †Boyi Bheemanna †Sri and others †Growth of Nationalist Movement in Andhra and the Andhra Leaders during the Freedom Struggle †Role of communists †socialists †antizamindari-kisan developments. Asafjahi Dynasty †socio-social arousing in Telangana - Adi-Hindu Movement †Nizam Rashtra Janasangham †Andhra Mahasabha †Andhra Saaraswata Parishat †The job of Hyderabad State Congress and Vandemataram Movement. Telangana People’s Armed Struggle †Ittehadul-Muslimeen †Razakars-hostile to Nizam Struggles and end of Nizam’s Rule and reconciliation of Hyderabad State in Indian Union †Formation of Andhra Pradesh. 2. 3. 4. 5. 4 Segment III GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION 1. Nature of the Constitution †protected improvements †remarkable highlights †Preamble †Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and their relationship Fundamental Duties, Distinctive highlights of Indian Federation. Dispersion

The Most Important Decision of My Life

The Most Important Decision of My Life. Over the span of our lifetimes we settle on manyâ significant and troublesome decisions that influence us. Theseâ choices influence our own and expert lives. Subsequently, we settle on these decisions with much idea andâ care. One of the most troublesome and significant choices Iâ have made was concluding whether to continue examining Engineer or unquestionably change to English Teaching, a profession that consistently got my attention.The question was raised by my father, he realized that I wasn’t totally cheerful contemplating Engineering and after a sensitive time of my life he needed me to be content and satisfied. Along these lines, I decided to become aâ teacher. It is imperative to have a profession that is satisfying,â and that would take into consideration helping other people accomplish their objectives. Fortunately for me, it’s worked out. I feel significantly more agreeable now and despite the fact that there was a ton of weight on me I could adapt well to it.Besides, entering this vocation allowed me to meet new individuals that have assumed a significant job in my life over the most recent 3 years. I wonder if my life would be any extraordinary currently had I settled on an alternate decision. I guess I would be graduated and working in an industrial facility encompassed by machines and exhausting individuals and that’s unquestionably what I don’t need for my future life. In the event that you request that I settle on the choice indeed, my answer would in any case continue as before, in light of the fact that I am content with my current conditions!

Question Of Energy In Modern World - Free Essay Example

  The pursuit of finding the best sustainable energy resource has been ongoing for many years. As the world consumes more energy, the search for a solution to our energy problem becomes more urgent. The worlds energy consumption, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, is expected to grow from 6.0 joules of energy to 7.8 joules of energy in 2040. This is about a 28% surge in usage. Though fossil fuels are expected to account for 77% of the worlds energy usage in 2040, other energy sources are beginning to emerge. Renewable energy is now the worlds most rapidly growing energy resource with total usage increasing by 2.3% every year while nuclear energy is the second most rapidly growing resource with its total usage is increasing at a steady rate of 1.5% every year (International).From the first perspective, it could be argued that expanding the worlds usage of nuclear will have more benefits than costs. By expanding the use of nuclear energy around the world, we will be able to further diversify our energy resources, reduce the amount of carbon emissions released into the atmosphere, and improve the economy. Not to mention, nuclear power is also a very reliable and relatively safe compared to fossil fuels.On the contrary, since nuclear energy is not renewable, it produces waste that remains radioactive for over thousands of years and currently, there are no sufficient or permanent ways to store this waste (10). We not only have to worry about storing the waste, we also have to extensively secure the nuclear reactors radioactive from the public. Additionally, the world has already successfully implemented more types of renewable resources to eventually replace most nonrenewable resources. Solar, geothermal, wind, and biomass energy have proven to be cheaper, safer, more efficient and more secure than nuclear energy (10).Nuclear energy uses a process called fission to split the atoms of mined uranium or plutonium to produce heat and steam that spins the turbines to generate electricity. This type of sustainable energy is able to supply the worlds expanding needs without environmental detriment because it does not produce harmful greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, or nitrogen oxide (FAQ). Nuclear energy power plants, not the only function without producing a harmful air pollutant, it also will assist in decreasing the amount of carbon emissions released into the air. While reducing the worlds carbon dioxide emission by 2.5 million metric tons, nuclear energy has been producing about 11% of the worlds total electricity (Nuclear Power Avoided). Renewable energy sources will not be able to reduce the amount of carbon emissions alone. If the use of nuclear energy is expanded, then renewable and nuclear energy can work together to make a big impact on improving the well-being of the environment.The Nuclear Energy Institution argues that nuclear energy has also made improvements in the economy. In the U.S., the power plants have already employed over 100,000 people in long-term jobs and about 375,000 people in secondary jobs (Jobs). Though the NEI has a clear bias of pro-nuclear energy, it is still able to provide reliable information on the beneficial uses of nuclear technology. The NEI is an organization with members that own and operate nuclear power plants. The writers of the articles on the NEI website are qualified to be writing about the topic of nuclear power because of first-hand experiences and the fact that they specialize in nuclear technology.The world expanding its use of nuclear energy will not only improve the economy, but it will also contribute to further diversification of the worlds energy supply. Countries with a diverse energy supply are able to balance the benefits and risks associated with each source. This means if one source is underperforming, other energy sources will prevent large price fluctuations and higher power bills for consumers (Nuclear in). It is important that we utilize all the resources provided on Earth by turning it into viable energy sources that will contribute to div ersifying the worlds energy.According to the World Health Organization, in Pripyat, Ukraine, about 4,000 people that were exposed to radiation died and about 200,000 square kilometers of land were affected by the Chernobyl accident of 1986 (Jaquith). Having said that, in an article on Chemistry and Engineering News, scientist and journalist Mark Schrope argues that the number of deaths caused by nuclear energy is far fewer than the number of deaths caused by fossil fuels. Schrope states the use of fossil fuels has caused 1.8 million air pollution-related deaths globally such as respiratory illness, lung cancer, and chronic bronchitis (Schrope). With fossil fuels currently being an essential energy source, it would be expected that it is the most secure and practical source of energy, but this is not the case. With a few mishaps in the past, nuclear energy has been proven to be safer than fossil fuels. When worlds dependence on fossil fuels ceases, nuclear energy could potentially be a sufficient replacement due to its reliability, positive economic effects, and its low impact on the Earth. Mark Shrope is a scientist and a journalist that has had his work published in major news outlets such as the Washington Post and Popular Scie nce (Our). Though his main focus of study is Marine science, Schrope provides reliable information and points that contribute to enhancing the argument that nuclear power is the solution for the worlds energy problem.After World War II the word nuclear has had a negative connotation due to the startling destruction that the two nuclear bombs have caused. To prevent further destruction, in the 1960s, about 190 countries have signed the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons treaty. This treaty was created to promote cooperation in the field of peaceful nuclear activities and to ensure the disarmament of nuclear weapons (Treaty). The NPT also states that countries without any nuclear weapons should not begin collecting weapons and countries that do possess nuclear weapons should not transfer their weapons to other countries. The only problem is that this rule applies only to the 190 countries that signed and agreed to the terms of this treaty while the countries that withdrew from the treaty, such as North Korea, do not have to comply. According to Green America, even with this treaty in place, as governments increase incentives for development of nuclear energy, the risk of corrupt countries finding ways to get a hold of nuclear technology will increase. Green America is a non profit organization that strives to create a socially just and environmentally sustainable society by sharing news and information about the environment. Though the article is one-sided, it gives credible information that helps contribute to reasons the government should not increase incentives for development of nuclear energy. On March 11, 2011, Japan witnessed an earthquake with a 9.0 magnitude that destroyed millions of buildings and triggered the Fukushima accident. Though the reactors at the power plants shut down during the earthquake, three of the unstable reactor cores melted three days later and a large amount of radioactive contamination leaked out into nearby waters after the reactor was unable to properly circulate the overheated waste (Fukushima). If there is no permanent way to prevent natural disasters from disturbing older power plants, then the number of nuclear facilities will exponentially decrease as many cities all over the world continue to witness the disintegration of timeworn power plants. In fact, the last nuclear plant in California, the Diablo Canyon, is scheduled to close by 2025. This plant has been open since the 1970s but is now closing because the plant has been discovered to be too close to a fault line (Adamczyk). The flaws that are causing older models to experience misha ps can only be prevented if more effective designs are implemented in the construction of new reactor designs. Continuous fundings to replace old, unreliable nuclear power plants does not seem like a productive step to replacing nonrenewable energy when other efficient and sustainable means of energy production are readily available.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In an article called Ten Urgent Reasons to Reject Nuclear Power Now, Jim McCluskey argues nuclear waste is dangerous for thousands of years due to the radioactivity. But this argument has distinct flaws because it does not give the whole truth. Though the waste of nuclear energy is radioactive, after about 50 years the radioactivity decays to relatively low levels while many other industrial wastes will remain hazardous indefinitely (Radioactive). In addition many scientific and technical community generally feels confident that they are close to building the technology that will solve the nuclear waste conditioning and disposal question (Sustainable). While this may be true, the radioactive waste is still a problem the world would have to deal with if the use of nuclear is expanded. The most popular way of storing the nuclear waste is in dry casks underground. The dry cask stores the waste in steel, storage units that are either welded or bolted closed with addition steel, concrete, or other materials surrounding the cask that ensure protection from radiation (Dry). Once we run out of space for underground storage, where will the radioactive waste go? Nuclear waste is a waste that must be kept far away from the public and if there are no secure storages for the waste then nuclear energy is not an absolutely necessary energy source. The argument made by Jim McCluskey, an author on the Truthout website, is backed up reliable sources that he cites in his article. He was a civil engineer and landscape architect that has recently been working with the anti-nuclear weapons movement. Therefore, this shows he is a reliable source because his background has allowed him to assess the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy. In the final analysis, it can be concluded that the world should expand its use of nuclear energy. While the two perspectives are almost evenly balanced, I found more convincing arguments and information that made me lean more in favor of nuclear energy.I found out that nuclear energy is a reliable and safe source of energy that will have positive effects on the environment and the economy. By building more the technologically advanced power plant facilities, we will be able to create more jobs while diversifying the worlds energy supply. It should also be noted that nuclear energy has not only caused fewer deaths and destruction to the environment but has also reduced the amount of carbon emissions being released into the atmosphere.If more investigation was done on this nuclear power, one topic that would be worth exploring is how different types of nuclear reactors function. For instance, in Russia, there are plans to build more nuclear facilities that utilize a closed fuel cycle. This technique halts the production of radioactive waste from power generation (Nuclear Power). Further research about the advanced reactor technology could further contribute to the argument that nuclear power should be expanded because the research will show just how reliable and safe nuclear power is.

Essay about Value Chain at Crocs, Inc. - 977 Words

The first impression one might have about Crocs products are that they are basically plastic looking shoes that are comfortable and readily available. Customers familiar with this product boast, like on the company website, about the company’s proprietary closed-cell resin, Crosliteâ„ ¢, a technology that gives each pair of shoes the soft, comfortable, lightweight, non-marking and odor-resistant qualities(Company.crocs.com, 2011). There are also various comments about how the material does not slip when exposed to water and of the popularity of the shoes since their first sale in 2003(Hoyt Silverman, 2008, p.13). Over the last few years, the popularity of the shoes have dropped off and the purpose of this study is to present an†¦show more content†¦It is extremely important to note that in order for the process to work, all participants of the chain need to perform to maximize the total value added by the total chain(Barber, 2008). Looking at several factors to include financials, product sales, but most importantly, the opinion of the customer purchasing the product, the value chain at Crocs, with the exception of a few years, appeared to be a good one. The company was indeed making money and their customers were happy. Research indicate that a good value chain is one in which a sequence of participants work together as a team, each adding some component of value -- such as faster assembly, more accurate information, better customer response and service, and so forth -- to the overall process(Robbins Coulter, 2009, p.431). This is indeed what Snyder, the CEO, envisioned when he decided to develop a model focused on customer needs - when a customer need more product, they would get it(Hoyt Silverman, 2008, p.5). To that extent, he may have exhausted that strategy and over-produced products and fell into the same pattern that he saw as a competitive advantage. What my value chain would incorporate and why The important point about customers customer was not lost when trying to enact a successful valueShow MoreRelatedEssay Value Chain Management - Crocs Case Study1257 Words   |  6 PagesCrocs splashed onto the scene in 2002 with brightly colored plastic shoes that the whole family could wear. From preschoolers to doctors, these shoes appealed to a vast array of consumers. The reason for Crocs’ success can be attributed to their value chain development. Value chains exist to enhance value created at every step of the manufacturing process, from raw materials to final product disposal or reuse (â€Å"Value Chain,† n.d.). The sequence of this chain gives the customer high value for a lowRead MoreCrocs Case Study Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesCrocs emerged in 2003, quickly growing in both scope and profitability as a result of its unique value chain management system. Foregoing traditional models, Crocs quickly acquired and established a world-wide network of supply, manufacturing, production, and delivery systems. This gave Crocs the ability to minimize costs, maximize efficiency, and deliver the best value to their customers. Within this customer-focused framework, Crocs created a unique global value management system, superior inRead MoreCrocs Case Study1443 Words   |  6 PagesCrocs made a splash in 2003 when they introduced their funny looking, brightly colored, plastic clogs that the whole family could wear (Hoyt Silverman, 2008). By 2007, the company reported $847 million in revenues (von Briesen, 2009). From preschoolers to doctors, these shoes appealed to a vast array of consumers. The reason for Crocs’ success over the past few years can be attributed to their value chain strategy in which customers ultimately had the power (Robbins Coulter, 2009). Value chainsRead MoreCrocs Shoes Itself in Global Supply Chain2868 Words   |  12 PagesBy: Hanan Alzayied KMBS student-Kuwait-July2012 Crocs Shoes itself in Global Supply Chain Abstract: Crocs, Inc. is a U.S. based shoe designer, manufacturer, and retailer that launched its business in 2002 selling Crocsâ„ ¢ brand casual plastic clogs with straps in a variety of solid, bright colors, Crocsâ„ ¢ introduced an innovative shoe made of a revolutionary material called Crosliteâ„ ¢ technology which held unique characteristics that allowed it to perform on both land and in water. TheRead MoreSupply Chain for Competitive Advantage5791 Words   |  24 PagesCROCS: REVOLUTIONIZING AN INDUSTRY’S SUPPLY CHAIN FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BHOOSHAN PARIKH CBS FTMBA 2008-09 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TERM PAPER 3/16/2009 Case Study This paper analyses and discusses the supply chain process of Crocs Inc. in a competitive and dynamic footwear industry. The paper critically evaluates the existing supply chain of the company against its current performance and changing market conditions and explains reasons for loss of competitive advantage of the companyRead MoreCrocs Organizational Structure1788 Words   |  8 PagesRunning Head: Crocs Crocs Jess R. Vasquez Colorado State University – Global Campus ORG 500 Foundations of Effective Management Jama Bradley, Ph.D. 21 November 2009 Abstract Crocs Inc., was founded in 2002 and immediately realized success. The company had a great idea and moved quickly to capitalize upon it. Early in 2006 the company entered into its IPO, it too was a huge success. â€Å"At the height of the real estate market, in 2006, the company sold shares to the public, raising more than $200Read MoreCrocs Supply Chain Essay2025 Words   |  9 Pages1. What are Crocs core competencies? * Highly flexible supply chain * Innovative and proprietary material: crosslite * Innovative product development * Efficient manufacturing processes that allows the company to produce more than 250 styles of shoes * Global Marketing amp; Distribution; the company is selling its products in 125 countries 2. How do they exploit these competencies in the future? Consider the following alternatives: a. Further integration intoRead MoreCrocs: A Value Chain of Success Essay1818 Words   |  8 Pagesbusiness strategy models have been designed to give customers more value with their purchases of goods or services. The value chain is the latest proven strategy model which consists of a sequence of activities that create and build value while improving an organizations positioning against its competitors (Robbins Coulter, 2012). Croc’s, Inc. an innovative retail brand footwear company started in 2003 incorporated a value chain strategy which had a dramatic effect on marketplace demands as wellRead MoreOverview of the Blue Ocean Strategy3665 Words   |  15 PagesStrategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.07 Blue Ocean Strategy A Dynamic Process†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦08 Blue Ocean Creations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦09 Blue Ocean Strategy Build Brands†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Blue Oceans: Past, Present and Future†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 Mini Case Study: Crocs Incorporation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Introduction Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) is a new concept in strategic management, introduced by Professor W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne in 2004. After doing detailed research, Kim and Mouborgne found out that mostRead MoreThe Success Of Its Core Competencies3720 Words   |  15 PagesThe purpose of this report is to evaluate the reasons behind the success of Crocs through its core competencies and the analysis of our recommendations. Crocs has been a phenomenal success and there are two reasons that can be attributed to this—our Croslite technology and supply chain. By using different marketing theories such as Porter’s 5 forces and the marketing mix theories, we have uncovered the reasons why Crocs have decided to invest in these strategies. The recommendations raised in this

The Art of Michelangelo Essay - 1685 Words

His hands work quickly and delicately to complete this work of art. Every chiseled muscle would be as smooth as silk, each hair a perfect curl. Sweat dripped from his face and his heart pounded rapidly in his chest as he stepped back to see what he had created. Two years- two long years to finish this piece. What will the result be? He worried that all his work would have been for nothing. Tears swelled in his eyes as he gazed at his work. It was spectacular. The marble seemed to faintly glow in the afternoon sun. Michelangelos expressive and idealized works of art have been a major influence from his own time to ours. It was March 6, 1475, during the Italian Renaissance. It was a time when beauty and art were of great importance in†¦show more content†¦His fathers harshness led Michelangelo to feel that he could not trust many people. When he was a young boy, Michelangelos father sent him to school to learn grammar, but he did not care for it. His dream was to learn and become skilled at art. His father did not want him to go into this profession because â€Å"artists are laborers, no better than shoe makers†(Bonner, Neil. â€Å"Michelangelo Buonarroti†.Neil Bonner — Thoughts on innovation in government, IT strategy, public policy culture.). While he was at school, Michelangelo met a boy much older than himself who was friendly and kind to him. His name was Fancesco Granacci and he was learning the art of painting in the Ghirlandaios studio. Granacci urged Michelangelo to follow his own path and become an apprentice. When Michelangelo told his father of this request and his wish to be apprenticed by the Ghirlandaio brothers, his father went into a rage. Nonetheless, Michelangelo ran away and became an apprentice at the home of Domenico Ghirlandaio at the age of thirteen. He became unsatisfied with the Ghirlandaio brothers teachings because he felt that he wasnt being taught how to paint. Thus, after only two years, left to apprentice under the influence of sculptor Bertoldo di Giovanni. While he was painting in the Medici gardens, Lorenzo de Medici (also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent) himself saw Michelangelo hard at work, and invited him to come workShow MoreRelatedMichelangelo s Influence On Art1455 Words   |  6 PagesMichelangelo was influenced by many different factors, including religious views and other philosophies that were actively practiced in the 15th century. Neo-Platonism was among the philosophies that had a profound influence during the Renaissance. The Neo-Platonic thought s tates that the universe is structured with God at the top, and everything else leading up to God in a series of steps underneath him. Buonarroti was a very religious person, who believed that all art and even his artistic skillsRead MoreMichelangelo Buenarroti: A Renaissance Man Essay891 Words   |  4 Pagesthese men was Michelangelo Buenarroti. Michelangelo was a world-wide known painter, sculptor, architect, and poet, who was of great Importance and had a great impact on our modern day culture. On March 6th, 1475 Leonardo di Buonarrota and Francesca Neri had their second out of five sons in the small village of Caprese, Italy. They named him Michelangelo di Lodovivo Buonarroti Simoni. But soon after being birthed Michelangelo moved to Florence, Italy with his family. As Michelangelo grew up, hisRead MoreDelacroix Of The Renaissance Period702 Words   |  3 Pagesartist Michelangelo. He studied his work closely, reveling in his study of figures as well as the life, and death, he portrayed on canvas. During the later stages of Eugene Delacroix’s life he was commissioned by the government of France to paint enormous paintings on ceilings of buildings, which made him feel a closeness with the late Michelangelo. It’s said that his intensity rivaled that of Michelangelo as well. Delacroix went so far as to create a portrait painting titled ‘Michelangelo in HisRead MoreMichelangelo Pieta Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesMichelangelo’s Pieta Michelangelo once said, â€Å"The true work of art is but a shadow of the divine perfection.† These words have uttered in my mind over and over again, as I read them; a man with such talent and grace in his work giving glory to a higher being, whose work is more divine than we can ever imagine. A work of perfection is hard to come by in the lives of mere men, but Michelangelo’s Pieta was so close to perfection that the images in which the sculpture portrays almost comes to life.Read More Michelangelo Buonarroti Essay713 Words   |  3 Pages Michelangelo Buonarroti nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, was a very influential man of his time and of all time. Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475, in a small village a part of the Florentine territory known as Caprese. His father originally did not support his artistic ability, but just a while after Michelangelo’s 13th birthday, his father allowed him to be an apprentice for a famous painter, Domenico Ghirlandaio. Unfortunately there was some conflictRead More Michelangelo1 Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesMichelangelo1 Michelangelo is one of the greatest creators in the history of art. Most people recognize the genius for his beautiful sculpture David and his breathtaking paintings on the walls and ceiling of the Sistine chapel. However, along with his sculptures and paintings, Michelangelo was an accomplished poet and architect; which is a reflection of his amazing creative ability. Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475, in a small Italian city, Caprese, but he spent a large portionRead MoreMichelangelo vs. Leonardo Da Vinci Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesMichelangelo vs. Leonardo da Vinci ART 101 Art Appreciation August 15, 2011 The works of Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo influenced the art of the 16th century in Italy and Europe in many ways. Three of Michelangelo’s works such as: The Last Judgment, Pieta, and David were great works during his time. Leonardo da Vinci also contributed great works to the 15st century such as: The Last Supper, St. James in the Wilderness, and The Mona Lisa. Although there were some similarities in LeonardoRead MoreMichaelangelos Magic Hands975 Words   |  4 PagesMichelangelo’s Magic Hands Michelangelo was the greatest artist of the Renaissance Era. He was very diverse he was a sculptor, painter and was a great architect. His painting in the Sistine Chapel was incomparable, his sculptor of David is a masterpiece, and his building of St Peters is iconic. Without these masterful art pieces Art would not be where it is today. Being able be an amazing painter, sculptor, and architect proves how Michelangelo was the greatest artist of the Renaissance Era. NowRead MoreRenaissance Italian Art : Art And Art Of The Renaissance1572 Words   |  7 Pagescultural movement that had an enormous impact in Europe during the early modern period. The Renaissance’s influenced politics, science, literature, art, philosophy, religion, music, and other aspects. Around the 13th century in Italy started the Renaissance’s art influence. Leonardo da Vinci, was known as the Renaissance man, because of his art masterpieces and his studies in other fields during this time. Italy wasn’t a political concept in the early modern period. It was separated into smallerRead MoreEssay on Michelangelo and Renaissance Religion1148 Words   |  5 PagesMichelangelo and Renaissance Religion Michelangelo Buonarroti lived in a time when the medieval aspects of Christianity were overwhelmed by the upheaval of the Reformation. His art portrays this change in religious philosophy by discerning the major trends and objectives of the Renaissance. His works show us...the changing world around him (Richmond 4). In addition, Michelangelo seriously impacted generations of artists to come. The Renaissance was a rebirth that led to new ways

Investigating The Impact Of Social Media †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Investigating The Impact Of Social Media? Answer: Introducation Social media marketing is one of the recent topics that are discussed among researchers with great consideration. It is one of those platforms that connect businesses with the customers, suppliers, business colleagues and with dealers in digital manner. The informations shared can be in the form of pictures, messages, activities, promotions, etc. Managers in todays business use this tool to ascertain selling of products with brand recognition and perform its distribution with ease(Claywell, n.d.). The reason to implement social media marketing has arise so much that business without it cannot be developed and diversified in growth oriented way. There are many social networking sites that assist marketing like Google+, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc. On the other hand customers who are connected with social Medias are more benefitted as they get to choose products from a wider market and with getting fair comparisons of it. Social Medias continues to evolve and develop which is why more customers are getting attached to it and to understand consumers behaviour is the major task of marketers(Popova, n.d.). This research paper will make a brief study about the influence that social media marketing has on customers while making an analysis of it with suitable examples. Field Of Research How the social media marketing influences consumer behaviour? is the topic for the critical literature review. As discussed by Amir and Fakete in their research paper, which is also an internal secondary source used, social network influences people through multifaceted interpersonal affects(Fakete, 2017). Advertisements through social networking provide an opportunity for customers to change their perceptions regarding products while creating a network of communiqu. The traditional model of marketing has changed to social media marketing as shown in the below figure. Social media helps consumers gain informations from their peers which makes challenging for the companies to substantiate huge investments. Figure: Communication model Source: (Fakete, 2017) Social media marketing has shifted consumers behaviour in their favour and made a substantial increase in their demand and discriminating attitude towards buying products. It had not only built an influencing approach of consumers towards targeted market, but also created a horizontal way of product creation and delivery. If the marketing agencies or companies provide consumers with the products of their interest, consumers would likely prefer opting for those companies and to make fair comparisons of companies, consumers shares informations from social Medias(Claywell, n.d.). Organisations and retailers nowadays know factors that affect consumers outlook and purpose since consumers responds to current and successful brands. Thus, more organisations and marketers are getting engaged with social Medias and incorporate digital modernization into their systems in order to get linked with customers(Elison, 2007). The firms also have to face potential challenges at this age of social commerce. In the world where social media plays a significant role, the capability of generating and controlling of consumers insight along with managing brand reputation in competitive marketing environment have become tough for marketers. Thus, power on consumers side seems favourable with the implementation of social networking in todays buying and selling trend of market. External Secondary Sources According to Smith, the recent trend of fashion in automobile industry had made car companies take a new look according to consumers perspective of getting new technology each day(Smith, 2016). It becomes necessary for the car manufactures to align with customers demands that can be easily done with the help of social networking. In 2015, study made by Polk Automotive suggested that 88% of millennial utilised social networking and internet while comparing brands available in cars and their specialities. Since consumers are more influenced by social media than any other mode, heading to car showrooms turned out only to be investing substance of time by car companies. In the article, Smith has given a clean picture about consumers preference for social media marketing by making research of their viewpoints in car selection. Most of consumers choice was made due to visibility of their preferred brand in social media sites like Tesla, Ferrari, and Porsche. Although these cars were recogn ised as luxury brand and out of their reach, they likely wished for their consideration about those cars. While making the brands recognisable, social networking also helped in creating attentiveness of buyers while manoeuvring their purchase decisions. Therefore this article proved an important example in understanding the affect social media marketing has on consumers buying behaviour in cars. Author: John F. Fotis The effect of social media marketing has influenced the consumers choice of holidaying also. According to Fotis, Social Medias facilitates peoples expressions and ideas along with recognising their personal thoughts and opinions. Many holiday packaging companies assists consumers in making their choice of plans while giving them favourable and comparable budgets. Here social Media marketing becomes significant for buyers as unnecessary time constraints are removed as compared to traditional ways of communication along with providing online tools to share multimedia contents. Easy to use websites have been created in recent years which claims that more than 1.3 billion users actively uses social networks before planning a holiday where more than 50% utilises online website to plan for them. Many tourism guides are reviewed by people digitally after returning back from tours which further helps in search processes made by others. Websites like TripAdvisor is one of the leading tourism sites which serves more than 260 million users per month and advises about their plans around the globe. Other behavioural changes which have been recognised in consumers behaviour are their change in lifestyle and values. Nowadays consumers prefer shorter leisure time and giving value monetarily while planning a new endeavour. While others who can spend more may wish to get luxurious trip with or without extending travelling time. Whatever the case may be, web searches always have proved beneficial for them. Many academic learning focuses on utilisation of social media during the research period of travel process(Ray, 2017). In literature researchers have given an insight and attempted to provide overall force that social media marketing has during three stage of travel process. During the approaching stage, social Medias proved to be trustworthy source of information which is used by consumers to attain knowledge about their preferred destination. In second stage, social websites help in making plans and executions while giving budgets and rational picture of their planned travelling. And in the third stage i.e. after the completion of trip, the sharing of views and experiences met during the travelling stage is done which ultimately helps in assisting others who are still planning. Therefore the overall process is responsible to great extent in changing the behaviour of travellers who are planning to have a tour. Authors: Kavitha Venkatachari and Aziz German Wala The research made on an aircraft industry relating affects of social media marketing on consumers is based on objective about finding out how the media marketers control the activities of airline industries while analysing the ways in which consumers makes preferences during selection of their style of transport. The success of social media marketing can be seen easily by all airline industries as it provides detailed informations to consumers while accessing interaction between them. Jet Airways is one of the leading airline industries who have made a survey in which consumers behaviour can be judged after getting connected with them through social Medias. Social media sites not only provide customers with direct purchasing of products but also offer various promotions and gains. In this competitive market, in order to gain competition, airline companies provides discounts and offers which can be informed to customers within the help of social medias. This informations shared can af fect the consumers behaviour while selecting the company that gives maximum benefits to them(Parker, 2006). Thus while gaining insight about customers demands in cost reductive manner, the effectiveness of companies marketing strategy is maximised. Companies also benefits by selling reservations which comes closer to deadlines by approaching to customers via emails and telephoning along with giving advertisements in social Medias. The analysis made by the company shows that people considered price more than quality here and considered social media sites to make comparisons among different available airline agencies. Therefore, from the research made by Venkatachari and Aziz can provide an evidence which shows how consumers behaviour is affected with social medias while selecting airline company for their travelling. Authors: Bruno Godey, Aikaterini Manthiou, Daniele Pederzoli, Joonas Rokka, Gaetano Aiello, Raffaele Donvito and Rahul Singh Engaging and interacting with customers is been created by social medias which had brought a new era for brands and companies. The expansion of marketing channels provides immense opportunities to the companies by reaching its consumers in a speedy way. The only challenges that is faced by marketers of branded products while managing brand is difficulties in measuring the force of social Medias activities i.e. good and bad comments made by users. Positive comment enhances the markets while negative makes an unfavourable effect (Godey et al, 2016). According to the authors of the journal, the effect of social media marketing on consumers buying behaviour in luxury and branded products is not limited to product awareness only but also creates brand loyalty and word of mouth feature in it. The objective of this journal is to measure the relation between social media marketing endeavour and behaviour of customers towards branded items. Social Medias has changed the content creation of br ands, distribution processes and consumers choice by giving substantial alterations to brand images and presentation techniques that could attract buyers toward it. Famous brand like Louis Vuitton and Catwalk posts videos in social Medias like You Tube and Facebook while making huge number of fans around the globe. Many luxury brands like Burberry, Amazon, Wal-Mart, etc. have created their own online shopping sites that offer 24 hours service to customers. Comments and critiques made by celebrities and renowned person make customers get attached to those online websites and thus increase sales from social sites(Rohampton, 2017). From the journal, it can be ascertained that without social media marketing availability of luxury and recognised brand products would not have been easier. The behaviour of using ordinary products by consumers has changed immensely in recent years and seems to increase with the increase of social sites of branded products(Lumen, n.d.). Author: Holly Paquette According to Paquette, Social medias have increased the rates of viral advertising which provides more informations to end users(Paquette, 2013). For example, a student seeking a diploma course for any subject likes engineering or science stream can easily search from social sites about available course materials or universities those are suitable. On the other hand, financial banks nowadays are becoming very supportive for students seeking to learn and are ready to provide bank loans for higher studies(Sen, 2017). Students posting their requirements in social Medias can be approached by banks or financial institutions. Thus, the scope of solving financial problem for enhanced learning is solved and customer, here student, can apply for further studies which was not possible earlier. Online advertising not only helps in sales of products but customer services also. Since critiques are made on social websites, online services are largely used by consumers nowadays as they get quick response from it as compared to traditional methods of registering complaints. On the other hand companies get benefitted by reaching to the customers who otherwise have been difficult to reach. Thus viral communication gives marketers a scope of licensing itself through a delivery of message while making close and personalised manner of communicating targeted consumers. Studies have also found that making short interactions with customers through electronic modes have always helped them in gaining their advices for enhancements in services(Chu, 2009). For example any problem which is been faced continuously by customer can be bought into notice and any suggestions for improvement in those areas can be made. If the company responses positively, customers will surely give higher ratings and also may make suggestions to others for using that company(Creative Commons , n.d.). Conclusion After reviewing several articles, journals, books and newspapers, it can be said that affect social media marketing has on customers is immense and in present world social networking is inevitable part in marketing business. The influence that social media has on consumers have been both positive and negative. If customers are satisfied with the marketing agencies, the results become positive. On the other hand any negative comment can provide adverse affect over marketer and may be forced to eliminate itself socially. Brand recognition along with product awareness is prime feature that is carried through social networking markets and to obtain available informations is advantage obtained by consumers. Thus both ends get equally benefitted and are reliable on each other(FOTIS, 2015). Consumers behaviour which is affected while buying or selecting product or services makes marketing strategies of organisations accounting to it. While organisations make marketing strategies that could easily attract its consumers. Therefore on concluding note it can be said that both customers and social media marketers behaviours depend on each other while affecting both buying and selling capabilities. References Chu, S.C., 2009. Determinants of Consumer management in Electronic Word-of-Mouth in Social Networking Sites. [Online] Available at: https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/6585/chus00644.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Claywell, C.R., n.d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking. [Online] Available at: https://socialnetworking.lovetoknow.com/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Social_Networking [Accessed 20 September 2017]. Creative Commons , n.d. Factors That Influence Consumers Buying Behavior. [Online] Available at: https://open.lib.umn.edu/principlesmarketing/chapter/3-1-factors-that-influence-consumers-buying-behavior/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Elison, D.M.B.a.N.B., 2007. Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. [Online] Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x/full [Accessed 20 September 2017]. Fakete, S.A.a.M., 2017. SHORT COMMUNICATION: THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR AND FIRMS ACTIVITIES. [Online] Available at: https://real.mtak.hu/40613/7/222_Management_and_Organization-Pearson-2017j%C3%BAn08-DOI_CrossRef-2017j%C3%BAn13f.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2017]. FOTIS, J.N., 2015. THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND ITS IMPACTS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR: THE CONTEXT OF HOLIDAY TRAVEL. [Online] Available at: https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/22506/1/JOHN%20FOTIS%20-%20PhD.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Godey, B., 2016. Social media marketing efforts of luxury brands: Influence on brand equity and consumer behavior. [Online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joonas_Rokka2/publication/304493675_Social_media_marketing_efforts_of_luxury_brands_Influence_on_brand_equity_and_consumer_behavior/links/577a4ba508aec3b743356345/Social-media-marketing-efforts-of-luxury-brands-Influen [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Lumen, n.d. Theory of Consumer Choice. [Online] Available at: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-economics/chapter/theory-of-consumer-choice/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Paquette, H., 2013. Social Media as a Marketing Tool: A Literature Review. [Online] Available at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001context=tmd_major_papers [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Parker, A., 2006. Public auditing, Perceptions and Behaviours towards Cabin Safety Communications. [Online] Available at: https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/32927/b20040238.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Popova, D., n.d. THE GOOD AND BAD OF SOCIAL NETWORKS. [Online] Available at: https://research.bfu.bg:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/86/1/BFU_2011_T_XXV_Popova.pdf [Accessed 20 September 2017]. Ray, L., 2017. How Does Social Media Influence the Buying Behavior of Consumers. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/social-media-influence-buying-behavior-consumers-61504.html [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Rohampton, J., 2017. How Does Social Media Influence Millennials' Shopping Decisions? [Online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimmyrohampton/2017/05/03/does-social-media-influence-millennials-shopping-decisions/#64daffb4cf3a [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Sen, S.K., 2017. Seeking education loan to study abroad? Heres what you should know. [Online] Available at: https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/personal-finance-business/seeking-education-loan-to-study-abroad-heres-what-you-should-know-2354881.html [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Smith, K., 2016. Cars and Millennials: Investigating the Impact of Social Media. [Online] Available at: https://www.brandwatch.com/blog/millennials-cars-investigating-the-impact-of-social-on-sales/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Wala, K.V.a.A.G., 2014. Social Media Marketing: A Case Study on Jet Airways. [Online] Available at: https://www.bvimsr.com/documents/publication/2012V4N2/12.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2017].

Lucy Stowes Journey Essays - Villette, Bretton, Lucy, The Lucy Poems

Lucy Stowe's Journey When Lucy Stowe boards a ship to travel to Villette, she is asked Are you fond of a sea-voyage by (the yet to be known) Ms. Fanshaw. Since this was Lucy's first trip abroad, she answers that her fondness is yet to be experienced. Nonetheless, Lucy's partiality for the sea is evident throughout the novel. She illustrates her past with a myriad of nautical metaphors and imageries of water that suggests a spiritual connection to the sea. This connection appears to derive from water being the main form of traveling during the 19th Century; and travel through life's experiences is what we do. Life is heeded as a journey, so Lucy therefore, is a vessel that endures the tumultuous waters of life's social stigmas and the stresses of familial relationships, or the calm waters of life's pleasures. Lucy uses the metaphor of sea travel to demonstrate her familial relationship with Mrs. Bretton; as comparison between a traditional matriarch, and a modern independent lady. She says, The difference between her and me might be figured by that between the stately ship, cruising safe of smooth seas, with it's full complement of crew, a captain gay and brave. She refers to Ms. Bretton's allegorically as a person of means. She has a full crew that supports her needs and a captain to guide her; respectfully these terms could allude to the acceptance and support within the social or familial structure as a widow of a wealthy, respected man. The captain could be an allusion to her son, who even in the adverse circumstances after the loss of their fortune still had him to support her comfortably enough. Lucy goes further to say, the Luisa Bretton never was out of harbor on such a night; her crew could not conceive it. This further signifies that as one ship relates to another, Mrs. Bretton was a woman supported by her social and familial status, and real hardship is unknown to her. Lucy, otherwise, knows the misfortune from which Mrs. Bretton had protection. She symbolizes her own person as a rugged lifeboat thus she lacks a crew and a captain. If the world was a vast sea and life was a sea journey, this symbolism would capture all that Lucy Stowe is within it: a small, agile, neglected, solitary individual with a hardened exterior, a brave spirit, as self-sufficient will and a buoyant heart. Lucy is essentially a survivor of life's adventures. Although she is a tough lifeboat in one allegorical reference, in a form of a dream, Lucy becomes an inhabitant of the sea, perhaps the mermaid that she envisions in the mirror's reflection. She describes her surroundings as somehow like a cave in a sea. The cave beneath miles of water serves as a sanctuary from the storm above, much like the room within the home of Dr. John where she recovers from her near death illness. It is the shelter provided by a benefactor, the same advantage that Mrs. Bretton has always known. However, Lucy Stowe was never meant to live the fashion normally provided to women and girls of that time. She, as she describes, I somehow must have fallen over-board and the crew as her destined benefactors perished in the storm. Whether Lucy takes the form of a passenger, a mermaid or the sea vessel itself, she portrays all of her senses and her life experiences with symbols and metaphors relating to the sea. Mrs. Bretton is referred to as a vessel that Lucy passes through her own life journey. The same holds true for Ms. Beck when she says that she moves like a ship dreading breakers (407). The sea and its uncertain placidness or volatility is analogous to Lucy's view of the world. She is either safe from the fiercest breakers in the home of Dr. John, or is exposed to the uncertain, stormy dangers of independence which brings briny waves in her throat, or her romantic contentedness is a sea breaking into song with all its waves.

Ordinal Number Definition and Examples

Ordinal Number Definition and Examples An ordinal number is a number that indicates position or order in relation to other numbers: first, second, third, and so on. Contrast these types of numbers with cardinal numbers  (in math theyre also called natural numbers and integers), those numbers that represent countable quantity.   Ordinal numbers  do not represent quantity, notes Mark Andrew Lim, but rather indicate rank and position, such as the fifth car, the twenty†fourth bar, the second highest marks, and so on(The Handbook of Technical Analysis, 2012). Learning Ordinals If you are teaching ordinals to English language learners, introduce the concept by reviewing cardinal numbers. Then continue with the ordinals to contrast the concepts. Also, introduce the term last as a position vocabulary word. Examples of Ordinals All ordinal numbers carry a suffix: -nd, -rd, -st, or -th.  Ordinal numbers can be written as words (second, third) or as numerals followed by abbreviations  (2nd, 3rd). first (1st)second (2nd)third (3rd)fourth (4th)fifth (5th)sixth (6th)seventh (7th)eighth (8th)ninth (9th)tenth (10th)eleventh (11th)twelfth (12th)twentieth (20th)twenty-first (21st)twenty-second (22nd)twenty-third (23rd)twenty-fourth (24th)thirtieth (30th)one hundredth (100th)one thousandth (1,000th)one millionth (1,000,000th)one billionth (1,000,000,000th) Using Ordinal Numbers and Cardinal Numbers Together When a cardinal number and an ordinal number modify the same noun, the ordinal number always precedes the cardinal number: The first two operations were the most difficult to watch. The second three innings were quite dull. In the first example, the ordinal number first precedes the cardinal number two. Both first and two are determiners. In the second example, the ordinal number second precedes the cardinal number three. Both second and three are determiners. Try reading the sentences with the ordinal and cardinal numbers reversed. They simply sound wrong.(Michael Strumpf and Auriel Douglas, The Grammar Bible. Owl Books, 2004) More Tips on Using Ordinal Numbers Spell out ordinal numbers- first, second, third, fourth- except when quoting from another source. In the interests of saving space, they may also be expressed in numerals in notes and references. ... Use words for  ordinal numbers in names, and for numerical street names ... : the Third Reich the Fourth Estate a fifth columnist Sixth Avenue a Seventh-Day Adventist ... Use figures for ages expressed in cardinal numbers, and words for ages expressed as ordinal numbers or decades: a girl of 15 a 33-year-old man between her teens and twenties in his 33rd year (R. M. Ritter, New Harts Rules: The Handbook of Style for Writers and Editors. Oxford University Press, 2005) Do not use the ordinal (th, st, rd, nd) form of numbers when writing the complete date: January 15 is the date for the examination. However, you may use the ordinal suffixes if you use only the day: The 15th is the date for the examination. ... Write out ordinal numbers when they contain just one word: third prize, tenth in line, sixtieth anniversary, fifteenth birthday. Use numerals for the others: the 52nd state, the 21st Amendment.(Val Dumond, Grammar for Grownups. HarperCollins, 1993)

Service Dominant Logic and Future Marketing Essay

Service Dominant Logic and Future Marketing - Essay Example The service-dominant logic of marketing Service-dominant logic is a highly successful marketing approach that elucidates that the traditional products-oriented approach for marketing needs to be replaced by a service-dominant one. At the very heart of service-dominant logic is the concept that the customer doesn’t want or expect a product, but the service that the product offers to him. It has emerged to be a new paradigm shift in marketing approach as it emphasizes the necessity to interact with customers to provide the service and also that customer is not the ‘consumer of value’ but a ‘co-creator of values’ (Ardagna, Mecella and Yang, 2009, p. 654). The major difference between the two approaches is that the traditional approach gives greater emphasis on tangible resources whereas service-dominant logic gives emphasis on intangible resources. Ballantyne and Varey (2008) found that customers appraised the value of goods they purchase in use. While c ustomers buy certain products, the exchange value determination is provisional upon later experience of customers about the goods. Customers determine the value in terms of how and what they value-in-use of the goods. According to the traditional product-oriented marketing approach, marketers offer products in different size, volume, features, configuration, benefits etc and that the customers appraise the value of goods purely in terms of goods in these different attributes. Vargo and Lusch (2004) stressed that goods are service appliances because customers find values when goods are in-use and therefore service is the dominant logic for marketing. The logic behind service-dominant logic of marketin

It Is Important to Identify and Meet the Individual Needs of Learners Research Paper

It Is Important to Identify and Meet the Individual Needs of Learners - Research Paper Example As a teacher, planning is one of the very essential roles as it helps in directing or guiding me in delivering. My planning depends on the various individual needs identified; that prompt me to apply the necessary teaching strategy. This dependency is due to my requirement to ensure that these needs of my students are all properly attended to within my planning. Without this planning, it would be difficult to meet the individual needs of every of my students, and many of them might not follow in line with the curriculum. Therefore, it may result in dissatisfaction and/or de-motivation to the students and me as the students would feel not well catered for and I may feel I have underperformed in my teaching role as a planner. Also, it is a part of my teaching responsibility to allow the involvement of learners in the planning of assessments. Since learners are not to be subjected to surprise tests, I always involve them in the planning process while giving them chances to make their su ggestions. This way, they may not feel put in overwhelming situations. Furthermore, they will have a feeling of a sense of ownership. That way, the planning process can meet every learner’s individual need, by the consideration of different resources that enhance effective and fair test. It is the responsibility of a teacher that requires me to implement/deliver teaching according to design and plan while including diversity and equality promotion. It is essential for educators to recognize the influence of culture on learning.

Conference Management System Essay Example for Free

Conference Management System Essay In Java EE 6, JAX-WS provides the functionality for â€Å"big† web services, which are described in Chapter 19, Building Web Services with JAX-WS. Big web services use XML messages that follow the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) standard, an XML language defining a message architecture and message formats. Such systems often contain a machine-readable description of the operations offered by the service, written in the Web Services Description Language (WSDL), an XML language for defining interfaces syntactically. The SOAP message format and the WSDL interface definition language have gained widespread adoption. Many development tools, such as NetBeans IDE, can reduce the complexity of developing web service applications. A SOAP-based design must include the following elements. †¢ A formal contract must be established to describe the interface that the web service offers. WSDL can be used to describe the details of the contract, which may include messages, operations, bindings, and the location of the web service. You may also process SOAP messages in a JAX-WS service without publishing a WSDL. †¢ The architecture must address complex nonfunctional requirements. Many web service specifications address such requirements and establish a common vocabulary for them. Examples include transactions, security, addressing, trust, coordination, and so on. †¢ The architecture needs to handle asynchronous processing and invocation. In such cases, the infrastructure provided by standards, such as Web Services Reliable Messaging (WSRM), and APIs, such as JAX-WS, with their client-side asynchronous invocation support, can be leveraged out of the box. RESTful Web Services In Java EE 6, JAX-RS provides the functionality for Representational State Transfer (RESTful) web services. REST is well suited for basic, ad hoc integration scenarios. RESTful web services, often better integrated with HTTP than SOAP-based services are, do not require XML messages or WSDL service–API definitions. Project Jersey is the production-ready reference implementation for the JAX-RS specification. Jersey implements support for the annotations defined in the JAX-RS specification, making it easy for developers to build RESTful web services with Java and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Because RESTful web services use existing well-known W3C and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standards (HTTP, XML, URI, MIME) and have a lightweight infrastructure that allows services to be built with minimal tooling, developing RESTful web services is inexpensive and thus has a very low barrier for adoption. You can use a development tool such as NetBeans IDE to further reduce the complexity of developing RESTful web services. A RESTful design may be appropriate when the following conditions are met. †¢ The web services are completely stateless. A good test is to consider whether the interaction can survive a restart of the server. †¢ A caching infrastructure can be leveraged for performance. If the data that the web service returns is not dynamically generated and can be cached, the caching infrastructure that web servers and other intermediaries inherently provide can be leveraged to improve performance. However, the developer must take care because such caches are limited to the HTTP GET method for most servers. †¢ The service producer and service consumer have a mutual understanding of the context and content being passed along. Because there is no formal way to describe the web services interface, both parties must agree out of band on the schemas that describe the data being exchanged and on ways to process it meaningfully. In the real world, most commercial applications that expose services as RESTful implementations also distribute so-called value-added too lkits that describe the interfaces to developers in popular programming languages. †¢ Bandwidth is particularly important and needs to be limited. REST is particularly useful for limited-profile devices, such as PDAs and mobile phones, for which the overhead of headers and additional layers of SOAP elements on the XML payload must be restricted. †¢ Web service delivery or aggregation into existing web sites can be enabled easily with a RESTful style. Developers can use such technologies as JAX-RS and Asynchronous JavaScript with XML (AJAX) and such toolkits as Direct Web Remoting (DWR) to consume the services in their web applications. Rather than starting from scratch, services can be exposed with XML and consumed by HTML pages without significantly refactoring the existing web site architecture. Existing developers will be more productive because they are adding to something they are already familiar with rather than having to start from scratch with new technology. RESTful web services are discussed in Chapter 20, Building RESTful Web Services with JAX-RS. This chapter contains information about generating the skeleton of a RESTful web service using both NetBeans IDE and the Maven project management tool. Deciding Which Type of Web Service to Use Basically, you would want to use RESTful web services for integration over the web and use big web services in enterprise application integration scenarios that have advanced quality of service (QoS) requirements. †¢ JAX-WS: addresses advanced QoS requirements commonly occurring in enterprise computing. When compared to JAX-RS, JAX-WS makes it easier to support the WS-* set of protocols, which provide standards for security and reliability, among other things, and interoperate with other WS-* conforming clients and servers. †¢ JAX-RS: makes it easier to write web applications that apply some or all of the constraints of the REST style to induce desirable properties in the application, such as loose coupling (evolving the server is easier without breaking existing clients), scalability (start small and grow), and architectural simplicity (use off-the-shelf components, such as proxies or HTTP routers). You would choose to use JAX-RS for your web application because it is easier for many types of clients to consume RESTful web services while enabling the server side to evolve and scale. Clients can choose to consume some or all aspects of the service and mash it up with other web-based services. Types of Web services You can host simple Web services without the needing complex setup. In addition, experienced Web service developers can host more complex services by handling the deployment details themselves. Types of Web services include simple and complex: Simple Web services For simple Web services, only simple data types (string, int, and other types) are sent or received as arguments and values that are returned from methods. You must specify the Java class that provides the implementation for the Web service. InfoSphereâ„ ¢ MDM Server for PIM handles generating any WSDL, and creating any WSDD (Web Services Deployment Descriptor) for the deployment of the service. Complex Web services For more complex Web services, you provide WSDD to configure the ability to send and receive more than simple types. You author and provide the WSDD in the WSDD field in the Web Service Console, or through the WebService::setWsddDocPath() script operation. IBM ® InfoSphere Master Data Management Server for Product Information Management uses the WSDD to deploy the defined service instead of using default WSDD for IBM InfoSphere Master Data Management Server for Product Information Management. You must have a good understanding of Web services to author your WSDD. You must also know the Java2WSDL, and WSDL2Java tools in case you break your deployment with the complex Web service.+ Big web services Big web services are based on SOAP standard and often contain a WSDL to describe the interface that the web service offers. The details of the contract may include messages, operations, bindings, and the location of the web service. Big web services includes architecture to address complex non-functional requirements like transactions, security, addressing, trust, coordination, and also handles asynchronous processing and invocation. The SOAP message format and the WSDL interface definition language have gained widespread adoption in traditional enterprises. SOAP based Web Services is a great solution when you need, †¢ Asynchronous processing †¢ Reliability †¢ Stateful operations – If the application needs contextual information and conversational state management then SOAP 1.2 has the additional specification in the WS* structure to support those things (Security, Transactions, Coordination, etc). RESTful Web Services RESTful web services are based on the way how our web works. Our very own world wide web (www) – the largest distributed application – is based on an architectural style called REST – Representational State Transfer. REST is neither a standard nor a protocol. It is just an architectural style like say for example client-server architecture (client-server is neither a standard nor a protocol). Web services following this architectural style are said to be RESTful Web services. So what is this REST? According to Roy Fielding who coined this term, â€Å"Representational State Transfer is intended to evoke an image of how a well-designed Web application behaves: Presented with a network of web pages (a virtual state-machine), the user progresses through an application by selecting links (state transitions), resulting in the next page (representing the next state of the application) being transferred to the user and rendered for their use.† In the web, everythi ng is identified by resources. When we type a URL in the browser we are actually requesting a resource present on the server. A representation of the resource (normally a page) is returned to the user which depicts the state of the application. On clicking any other link, the application transfers state with the new representation of the resource. Hence the name Representational State Transfer. REST-style architecture follows this concept and consists of clients and servers. Clients initiate requests to servers; servers process requests and return appropriate responses. Requests and responses are built around the transfer of representations of resources which are identified by URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). RESTful web services are based on HTTP protocol and its methods mainly PUT, GET, POST, and DELETE. These web services are better integrated with HTTP than SOAP-based services are, and as such do not require XML SOAP messages or WSDL service definitions. Because RESTful web services use existing well-known standards (HTTP, XML, URI, MIME) and have a lightweight infrastructure that allows services to be built with minimal tooling, developing RESTful web services is inexpensive and thus has a very low barrier for adoption. RESTful Web Service HTTP methods A RESTful web services is a collection of resources. For example, consider an office has deployed a web services to get a list of employees and to get individual employee data for use with other departments. The web service makes available a URL to a ‘list of employees’ resource. For example, a client would use this URL to get the employee list: http://www.example.com/myoffice/employees On sending a request to that particular URL, the client would receive the following document. |1| | |2|234 | |3|235 | |4|236 | |5|237 | |6| | The above document contains the links to get detailed info about each employee. This is a key feature of REST. The client transfers from one state to the next by examining and choosing from among the alternative URLs in the response document. To get individual employee information, the web service makes available a URL to each employee resource. For example, to get employee information whose id is 237, the client may send a request to the following URL: http://www.example.com/myoffice/employee/237 And the response document containing the employee information may be as follows: |1 | | |2 |237 | |3 |xyz | |4 |abc | |5 |123 ABC St | |6 |3344.56 | |7 | | [pic] We have seen the use of HTTP GET method to get the information. In the same way, we can use the other HTTP methods like POST, PUT and DELETE. The logical meaning of these HTTP methods for the URL http://www.example.com/myoffice/employees is as follows, †¢ When a HTTP POST request is sent to the above URL with an employee data, the data will be added to the employee list. †¢ When a HTTP PUT request is sent to the above URL with a list of employees then the original list will be modified with this employee list. †¢ When a HTTP DELETE request is sent to the above URL then the entire list of employees will be deleted. Similarly for the URL http://www.example.com/myoffice/employee/237 the actions may be interpreted as follows, †¢ When a HTTP POST request is sent to the above URL, treat the addressed member as a collection in its own right and create a new entry in it. o For example consider a situation where the employee works in a particular department and the URL http://www.example.com/myoffice/dept/A1205 represents the list of employees working in department A1205. So a POST request to this URL with employee data will add an employee data to that particular department. †¢ When a HTTP PUT request is sent to the above URL then modify that particular employee with the new request data or create if employee does not exist. †¢ When a HTTP DELETE request is sent to the above URL then delete that particular employee. In this REST form of communication, the service producer and service consumer should have a mutual understanding of the context and content (XML) being passed along. Because there is no WSDL to describe the web services interface, both parties must agree on the schemas that describe the data being exchanged and on ways to process it meaningfully. A RESTful design may be appropriate when, †¢ The web services are completely stateless. †¢ The data that the web service returns is not dynamically generated and can be cached. o The caching infrastructure that web servers provide can be leveraged to improve performance. However, the developer must take care because such caches are limited to HTTP GET method for most servers. †¢ The service producer and service consumer have a mutual understanding of the context and content being passed along. †¢ Bandwidth is particularly important and needs to be limited. o REST is particularly useful for limited-profile devices, such as PDAs and mobile phones, for which the overhead of headers and additional layers of SOAP elements on the XML payload must be restricted. †¢ Web service delivery or aggregation into existing web sites is to be enabled.

Censorship of Music Essay -- social issues

Censorship of Music In today's society, all types of music artists are expressing their views, opinions and feelings in their songs about what they see and what they know. This is on of the great things about this country, the freedom to express yourself. It is not fair, nor is it constitutional that music should be censored in anyway. It is not only rap music trying to be censored it is in all types of music. They are taking away their rights and it isn't fair. As reported in the New York Times. "Wall-Mart CD standards are Changing Pop Music", Wal-Mart and other large department stores sell CD's by your favorite artists which are not what your favorite artists originally created. Some retailers refuse to carry CDs with "Parental Advisory Stickers", a few also go as far as to make it known to labels and artists that if the CD comes to their shelves with a "dirty" word, a "controversial" cover, or an "explicit" lyric it will not be allowed on the shelves. Some of the artists include Nirvana, Beck, John Mellencamp and the list goes on. (Internet ultratnet) The most recent case involving Wal-Mart and censorship, was the new Sheryl Crow album. A song on the album which lashes the company for selling guns that end up in the wrong hands as caused the company to ban the album in stores. (Schruers 64) Delores Tucker, William Bennett, Senator Joseph Lieberman, and Senator Sam Nunn held a press conference in Washington D.C. The message: censor obscene music and censor "pro-drug lyrics". These censors announced their plan to pressure major record companies to discontinue production of what they called "obscene" music and music which contains " blatantly pro-drug lyrics. All of the CDs targeted as "obscene" already carry RIAA Parental Advisory Labels. Parents are already provided with the information they need if they choose to monitor their children's musical selections. Discontinuing production of this music takes the freedom of expression away form everyone- musicians and fans of every age. (Internet ultranet) The increas ing controversy surrounding rap music, with its rough-edged lyrics about sex and violence, has prompted two very different responses from black oriented radio stations in New York and Los Angeles. Two stations WBLS New York and KACE in Los Angeles, have announced they wont play the roughest and most offensive songs. A third station WPWR opted... ... of their age. I always tell them that if you want to keep listening to the music that you enjoy, starting today you have to learn to fight back. If you don't fight for your own freedom, no one is going to give it to you". (Internet xnet). Morello believes and I agree, speech and expression are being shackled in the U.S., and she puts much of the blame on the current political climate. " Cenosorship is coming down now harder then it has before. " she says. " Look at the Congress we have, trying to take funds away from the National Endowment for the arts, trying to kill public television. They must be living in the Dark Ages." (Internet xnet). After reaserching music censorship and supporting anti-censorship organizations, I realize that there is much wrok to be done to get free speech. There will always be someone or some group to stand aganist what you believe. I think the only way to really gain full freedom of speech is to fight and not give up. I think that the more people realize that rights are being violated, the more people will support the anit-censorship groups. I believe that people who do support these groups should really get involved. It is the only way we can win.

Islamic Law Essay

Quran and Sunnah are the fundamental sources of Islamic Shariah. When the solution to the arising problems is not available in these sources, Ijtihad is used to reach an appropriate solution in Islamic jurisprudence. Secondary sources of Islamic Shariah like Ijma, Qiyas, Istihsan and Maslahah are also forms of Ijtihad. These secondary sources provide a sequence and a data base to the Mujtahid to reach to a solution of a problem in the most appropriate way and at the same time assist in formulation of Islamic law and development of system of Shariah as a whole. Introduction Quran and Sunnah (in the form of Hadith) are the two fundamental sources of Shariah. Generally the definition and acceptability of all other sources of Shariah varies in various sects of Islam. According to Sunni school of thought, the fundamental sources of Islam include Quran, Sunnah and Ijtihad, whereas according to Shiite school of thought, Quran and Sunnah are the only authentic sources of Shariah and Ijtihad can only be a contributing factor and that too only in some circumstances. Ijtihad can be defined as use of one’s own utmost abilities in deriving secondary opinions from the four fundamental sources of Islamic law, namely Quran, Sunnah, Ijma and Qiyas†. Can the Secondary Sources be Characterized as Forms of Ijtihad In the eyes of majority of Muslim scholars, especially Sunni Muslims, all the secondary sources including Ijma, Qiyas, Istihsan and Maslahah are forms   of Ijtihad. Rather all these secondary sources in one form or the other contribute towards Ijtihad. For example, in case of an event for which no authentic proof is available in Quran and Sunnah, the only option available is Ijtaihad. This Ijtaihad will either be supported by consensus of different learned scholars of Islam, or it will be done by comparing and drawing similarities or differences in the different events of past which occurred during the times of Prophet or His companions. In case no previous event is available, and consensus does not occur among the scholars on the issue, then the only way out is to either look for the ‘good by one’s own deliberations’ (Istihsan) or to determine what is in the interests of human welfare (Istislah or Maslahah). Therefore, it will not be wrong to say that all the four secondary sources can be characterized as forms of Ijtihad and all contribute towards it. Importance of Having so Many Different Sources to Represent Ijtihad Ijtihad is a very complex phenomenon and that is why, very strict criteria have been set in Islam for a person to be a Mujtahid. Therefore, while making a judgment a Mujtahid needs to evaluate the available data before he proceeds to make a judgment. Now the most authentic and fundamental sources i. e. Quran and Sunnah have already been ruled out for the reason that if a solution was present is those sources, there was no need for Ijtihad. In the absence of those two sources, a Mujtahid needs some additional sources in order to formulate the judgment, though Quran and Sunnah must be kept at the back of the mind. These additional sources like Ijma, Qiyas, Istihsan and Maslahah provide the Mujtahid with a data base and a sequence to analyze the event and lead him logically to an acceptable solution which is not conflicting with the teachings of Quran and Sunnah. Therefore, it is extremely important to have multiple sources to represent Ijtihad. Importance of Secondary Sources in Creating Law and Development of System of Shariah While studying the Islamic law, one must keep in mind that the times have changed a lot since the era of Prophet Muhammad and with the passage of time many situations came up which were not there in the times of Prophet. For example in the times of Prophet, there was not concept of photography and only thing that was available was â€Å"Tasweer† that is the hand painted pictures and the person who made those pictures was known as â€Å"Mussawir†. The Prophet prohibited the â€Å"Tasweer† in that time and He was quoted as saying that a person who will make a â€Å"Tasweer† will be asked on the Day of Judgment to bring life into that â€Å"Tasweer†. Today, we know that in the present era photography is a compulsion in passport and identity cards etc. Therefore, Islamic scholars reached a conclusion through Ijtihad that what was prohibited was â€Å"Tasweer| and not the photography. Photography, as per modern science, is actually the image preserved on a paper and even the companions of the Prophet used to see the image in mirror or in the water, so according to scholars, it is not prohibited in Islam. Similarly there are many other problems which needed solution in the present time due to modernization and advent of technology. If these secondary sources were not used in creation of Islamic law, the Islamic law will become stagnant and will not be able to meet the requirements of changing scenario and modern developments of science and technology. Hence, the basis characteristics of these secondary sources i. e. consensus, measurement and comparison, equity and public policy are all extremely important in formulation of Islamic law. Side by side, it will also help in development of system of Shariah as a whole so as to meet the requirement of pragmatism, practicality and need of the changing times. Conclusion According to Holy Quran, Prophet Muhammad has been sent as a Prophet for whole universe and this is not possible till the time his teachings are applicable to all the times. This applicability for all the times is only possible if the teachings can be interpreted according to changing times. All this is only possible through these secondary sources, if used correctly in accordance with the basic teachings of Quran and Sunnah. Hence, these secondary sources are part and parcel of Islamic law and must be taken as such. References References have not been cited as per the requirement of the client. Original language has been used without quotations.

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